Gujarat experiences an average annual maximum temperature of 32.5°C, average annual minimum of 19°C, and receives an average annual rainfall of 700 mm during monsoon (June–September). Seasonal rainfall varies widely across the state (300–1000 mm), with southern districts receiving over 1800 mm in the monsoon and witnessing non-monsoon season extremes as well. Summer temperatures reach maximum ~49°C while winter minimum temperatures reach ~12°C. The western coastal region of the state has experienced most hot days while the south eastern part of the state has experienced the most cold days in the past decades.
Based on IMD data (1951 - 2019)
Note:
Vav-Tharad district (34 th district), carved out from Banaskantha on 1 st January 2025. For climate variability and projections, data for Vav-Tharad is currently included under Banaskantha.
Term | Description |
---|---|
Cold Days | Percentage of days when maximum temperature is less than the 10 th percentile |
Consecutive Dry Days (CDD) | Maximum number of consecutive dry days per time period with daily precipitation amount of less than 1 mm |
DJF | December - January - February period. |
HWDI | Heat Wave Duration Index. The number of heat wave periods not less than 5 days |
HWFI | Heat Wave Frequency Index. The maximum number of consecutive days per year when the daily maximum temperature is above the 90 th percentile |
JJAS | An acronym referring to the four-month period of June–July–August–September, which constitutes the core southwest monsoon season |
MAMJ | March - April - May - June period. |
Maximum Temperature | The highest air temperature recorded in a day. |
Minimum Temperature | The lowest air temperature recorded in a day |
Rainy day | A rainy day, according to the India Meteorological Department, is defined as any day receiving >2.5 mm rainfall |
RX1DAY | Highest 1-Day precipitation amount |
RX5DAY | Highest consecutive 5-Day precipitation amount |
SSP2-4.5 | A “middle-of-the-road” scenario that assumes moderate socioeconomic trends with no extreme challenges to mitigation or adaptation. Emissions Pathway: Stabilizing at 4.5 W/m² (watts per meter squared) radiative forcing by 2100 |
SSP5-8.5 | A high emissions scenario driven by fossil-fueled development and rapid economic growth. Emissions Pathway: Reaches 8.5 W/m² radiative forcing by 2100 |
Warm days | Percentage of days when maximum temperature is greater than the 90 th percentile |